Golden Age Research Articles

Historical review: The golden age of the Golgi method in human neuropathology.

Golgi methods were used to study human neuropathology in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s of the last century. Although a relatively small number of laboratories applied these methods, their impact was crucial by increasing knowledge about: (1) the morphology, orientation, and localization of neurons in human cerebral and cerebellar malformations and ganglionic tumors, and (2) the presence of abnormal structures including large and thin spines (spine dysgenesis) in several disorders linked to mental retardation, focal enlargements of the axon hillock and dendrites (meganeurites) in neuronal storage diseases, growth cone-like appendages in Alzheimer disease, as well as abnormal structures in other dementias. Although there were initial concerns about their reliability, reduced dendritic branches and dendritic spines were identified as common alterations in mental retardation, dementia, and other pathological conditions. Similar observations in appropriate experimental models have supported many abnormalities that were first identified using Golgi methods in human material. Moreover, electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, fluorescent tracers, and combined methods have proven the accuracy of pioneering observations uniquely visualized as 3D images of fully stained individual neurons. Although Golgi methods had their golden age many years ago, these methods may still be useful complementary tools in human neuropathology.

Skateboard crime and the pirating of urban space

This paper seeks to analyze “skate crime:” what skateboarders do, why they do it, and why it is criminalized even in public spaces. I begin with a case example of the Dolores Street Hill Bomb in San Francisco, a seemingly over-criminalized annual event that treats skaters as enemies of the city, a logic of enmity. This same logic was used to criminalize 17th–18th century “Golden Age” maritime piracy, a heuristic that helps assess the role that stigmatization by dominant orders of authority plays in skate crime. I deepen this narrative of skate crime by discussing four diverse facets that distinguish whether they are caused by political motivations or not and whether they have effects of social harm or not. I argue further that Golden Age piracy also fits this four-fold narrative, leading to my conclusion that skateboarding might be considered a kind of piracy, a “street piracy.”

Повесть И. С. Тургенева «Первая любовь»: на границах идиллии

The paper is dedicated to analysing Ivan Turgenev’s novella “First Love” (1860), which has not undergone detailed philological scrutiny before. The research aims to identify the border phenomena of the idyllic discourse and its specificity. The scientific novelty of the paper lies in examining the boundaries of the idyllic through the analysis of characters, chronotopes, and the motif system in the novella. The research findings revealed that in Turgenev’s work, all types of idyll – rural, familial, and romantic – are seemingly present, but they are only represented at the level of genre-specific features (beautiful nature, youthful age, first love). The novella represents a recollection, reflection, a turn to the “golden age” of the hero’s youth, his first infatuation, thus demonstrating elegiac traits. Through the lens of idyllic images, motifs, and details of the chronotope, their quasi-significance is seen. Semantic signs (the garden, linden trees, alleys) serve as substitutes for unrequited love. Details of “locus amoenus” are merely symbols linking the author’s work to the idyllic tradition, but in reality, they deviate from reader expectations and demonstrate the opposite of an idyllic world perception.

IMPORTANCE OF THE ARMS AND WEAPONS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MARWAR STATE

Arms and weapons have always been a necessity for the safety, security for an individual and state as a whole from the time when civilization began to flourish to the time kingdoms reached their golden age. Arms and army to the state were as important as the treasury to the king. So the Research work on the article help us to analyse and understand the importance of these arms and weapons and how they played important role in military, administration, and economy of Marwar state of Rajputana i.e. modern day jodhpur of Rajasthan.

Angus MacPhail's Frozen Credits: Film Authorship and Collaboration in British Middlebrow and Celebrity Culture

This article, taking its cue from Charles Drazin's pioneering work, is the first extended analysis of the career of British screenwriter Angus MacPhail, described as one of the key figures who helped to lay the groundwork for the golden age of British cinema. MacPhail worked as scenario editor for producer Michael Balcon at the leading British studios Gainsborough, Gaumont-British and Ealing from the late 1920s to the late 1940s. The article considers MacPhail's work in relation to debates about authorship, collaboration and celebrity culture during this period. It explores his intellectual and cultural formation as a Cambridge undergraduate who studied for the newly established English Tripos during the early 1920s; and highlights MacPhail's ambivalent relationship to modernism, through his opposition to Virginia Woolf's reconfiguration of literary values during the 1920s, and his penchant for what Leonard Diepeveen has described as ‘mock modernism’. It goes on to analyse the circumscribed power and influence MacPhail exercised within the British studio system during the late 1920s to the late 1940s, before considering his career in relation to other key figures of this period such as Ivor Montagu and Elliot Stannard, and his relationship to British middlebrow culture. Finally, it explores how MacPhail's specialised, circumscribed focus on film writing set him apart from what Alexis Weedon describes as a new type of author-celebrity during this period, the emergent ‘transmedia storyteller’.

268 The role of family and filial piety in serious illness and end-of-life decision making in the Chinese diaspora: an exploratory qualitative study

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The process of decision making in serious illness and end-of-life care needs to be culturally appropriate, relevant, and equitable. For Chinese Americans, family and filial piety have been shown to impact this process, yet it remains poorly understood how. The purpose of our study is to explore this decision-making process qualitatively. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We created semi-structure interview guides, based on a literature review of values salient to serious illness and end of life care for Chinese Americans. The guides will be used to conduct three focus groups, each with ten participants who identify as Chinese American stratified by highest attained familial role (grandparents, parents, and adult children). This will be done in partnership with Greater Boston Chinese Golden Age Center, a local community organization, in English, Cantonese, and Mandarin using our interview guides with live interpretation. Focus groups will be audiotaped, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic content analysis and modified grounded theory. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We anticipate that we will identify how, by whom, and why Chinese Americans in Boston’s Chinatown make decisions during serious illness and end-of-life. We anticipate that we will clarify cultural values, the balance between individual and collective values, intergenerational processes, individual and family suffering, and themes salient to this process. We expect to elucidate the role of family and filial piety during serious illness and end-of-life decision making and compare how these processes differ by generation and familial role for this population. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Using the family as a unit of investigation and focusing on intergenerational processes represent a novel approach to understanding decision making during serious illness and end of life care for Chinese Americans.

EXPLORING THE PHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS OF ABU RAYHAN AL-BIRUNI: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS

Abu Rayhan al-Biruni, a polymath of the Islamic Golden Age, made significant contributions to various fields, including astronomy, mathematics, geography, anthropology, and philosophy. Among his multifaceted endeavors, his philosophical inquiries stand out, offering profound insights into the nature of existence, knowledge, and the universe. This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of al-Biruni's philosophical views, examining his thoughts on epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, and the relationship between science and religion. By delving into his works, including "The Book of Instruction in the Elements of the Art of Astrology" and "The Chronology of Ancient Nations," we illuminate al-Biruni's philosophical legacy and its relevance to contemporary discourse.

INSTAGRAM AS A SELF PRESENTATION MEDIA FOR YOUNG MOTHER IN MEDAN CITY

The presence of social media gives new habits in people's lives, Including the group of mother. The phenomenon that is prevalent nowadays is the habits of mothers who regularly uploaded on Instagram, Reviews their parenting activities and childrens's schedule. In this research, using the Self Presentation theory from Erving Goffman, aims to find the Strategy of Self Presentation is done by Instagram users and the implication of the use of social media to parenting at home. The research method is conducted qualitatively with the data collection techniques through interviews and observation of Instagram accounts of mothers who are informants. Research informants are a new mom who are the active Instagram users with a golden age of children (0-5 years).

Analysis of Early Childhood Arabic Language Acquisition of The Komunitas Anak Shalih Based on CEFR

Early age is a golden opportunity for children; therefore, early age is called the golden age for children. At this age, the child has extraordinary abilities, so it is good to be developed optimally. It is the golden age for the child to learn and acquire the language without neglecting other aspects. This is done in Komunitas Anak Shalih Tanjung Morawa. While in the Komunitas Anak Shalih, early childhood children at the educational institution are familiarised with hearing the names of objects and conveying them using Arabic. But in the acquisition of Arabic, they do not have a framework standardisation as a reference. Let's call it one of the CEFR. This study will answer questions related to the process of acquiring Arabic for early childhood in the Komunitas Anak Shalih and their speaking skills according to CEFR levels. This study uses a qualitative naturalistic approach using an embedded case study design model or case study. Data collection techniques are observation, interviews, and documentation, with data analysis to reduce data, present data, draw conclusions, and verify. The results found that early childhood language acquisition in the Komunitas Anak Shalih used behaviourism theory, and their speaking skills were at the rudimentary A1 level (PreA1) based on the CEFR.

JC Punongbayan's False Nostalgia: The Marcos “Golden Age” Myths and How to Debunk Them

JC Punongbayan's False Nostalgia: The Marcos “Golden Age” Myths and How to Debunk Them

SISTEM PEMERINTAHAN DESENTRALISASI

The Abbasid Caliphate was one of the powers of the Muslim Ummah. Its emergence after the non-Arab movement fought for equality with the Arabs which was not obtained during the leadership of the Umayyad Daulah. The advantages possessed by the 'Abbasid Daulah besides being symbolized as the golden age of Islam, it turned out that the cause of its collapse was the application of decentralization in running the government, by one of the caliphs of the 'Abbasid Daulah named al-Mutawakkil. This type of research is a literature study or known as Library Research, using a descriptive approach to the findings or references from primary data, relating to the leadership of the 'Abbasid Daulah and the history of Islamic civilization. The decentralized government system applied by al-Mutawakkil was the main cause of the collapse of the 'Abbasid Daulah, this application was due to one of the emergence of small dynasties that wanted to break away from the 'Abbasid Daulah. In addition, al-Mutawakkli's lifestyle was a major factor, namely living in luxury, squandering wealth and so on.

Bacmethy: A novel and convenient tool for investigating bacterial DNA methylation pattern and their transcriptional regulation effects

AbstractDNA methylation serves as the primary mode of epigenetic regulation in prokaryotes, particularly through transcriptional regulation. With the rapid implementation of third‐generation sequencing technology, we are currently experiencing a golden age of bacterial epigenomics. However, there has been a lack of comprehensive research exploring the versatility and consequential impact of bacterial DNA methylome on cellular and physiological functions. There is a critical need for a user‐friendly bioinformatics tool that can effectively characterize DNA methylation modification features and predict the regulation patterns. To address this gap, the current study introduces Bacmethy, an innovative tool that utilizes SMRT‐seq data and offers a range of analytical modules. First, the tool classifies methylation sites in the genome, highlighting the distinct regulations present under varying modification fractions and location enrichment. Furthermore, this tool enables us to identify regulatory region methylation and potential cis and trans interactions between methylation sites and regulatory effectors. Using benchmark data sets and our data, we show that our tool facilitates the understanding of the distinctive traits of DNA methylation modifications and predicts transcriptional regulation effects on important physiological and pathological functions. Bacmethy code is freely available, and the Docker image is downloadable. Bacmethy has been made available as a user‐friendly web server interface at https://bacmethy.med.sustech.edu.cn.

Analisis Pendidikan Karakter Pada Buku Teks Sejarah Kelas XI Kurikulum Merdeka

This study is based on the discourse that Indonesia will experience a golden age in 2045 so it is necessary to prepare quality human resources so that it can provide positive things in accordance with what is expected. The education unit is the main gate of success. Not only creating quality human resources but education needs to shape character in accordance with national values to face challenges in the future. Based on this analysis, this study aims to describe the character education contained in the history textbook for class XI of the Merdeka Curriculum provided by the government as a learning facility. This study was conducted using content analysis with the history textbook grade XI Merdeka Curriculum as the subject and character education as the object. The existing data is then analyzed in a qualitative way by reducing data, presenting and drawing conclusions. From the study that has been carried out, a connecting line can be drawn that in the history textbook for class XI of the Merdeka Curriculum, which consists of four chapters starting from the colonialism period to the proclamation, there is character education in accordance with the indicators that have been formulated, which include spiritual, nationalist, independent, shoulder to shoulder, and integrity.

On the reception and transformation of Russian literature in Azerbaijan in the post-Soviet period

In the article some issues of Russian literature reception and transformation in post-Soviet Azerbaijan are covered. The publication was prepared on the basis of observations made by the author while working on the second part of the “History of Russian Literature”, in his scientific and pedagogical activities, as well as the report at “The Golden Age of Russian Literature: the experience of reading” the educational-cultural forum, held in the capital of the Republic of Serbia – Belgrade on 28-29 June 2022. It is dedicated to the problems of reception and transformation of Russian classical literature in Azerbaijan in the post-Soviet period. The problem is considered in two aspects: 1) principles and difficulties of selecting samples of Russian classical literature for inclusion in curricula, textbooks and manuals for schools and universities of the republic, as well as for their translation and publication in Azerbaijan language; 2) reasons of increasing interest to study of Russian literature, necessity of deep studies of creativity of its individual representatives in Azerbaijan in postSoviet time.

English Caricature as a Means of Forming and Reflection of the “Image Of The Enemy” in the Epoch of the Napoleonic Wars

The article is devoted to the topical problem in the scientific and socio-political space associated with the formation of the image of the “enemy”. This issue is considered on the example of the English caricature in the era of the Napoleonic wars. Caricature is still actively used in the information space, which makes it an important part of political discourse. From its inception to the present day, caricature has been an effective mechanism for reflecting the image of the “other” and the image of the “enemy”. English cartoonists managed to create a certain idea about the most popular episodes and personalities of the Napoleonic wars and about the images and stereotypes that existed at that time. The most striking of them were the images of “bloodthirsty sans-culottes” led by the “Corsican monster” in the person of Napoleon. Foreign events were perceived by cartoonists through the prism of British interests. That is why the main attention in these images was given to France, as one of the main opponents. The author of the article, based on the caricatures of one of the most famous cartoonists of the “golden age” J. Gillray and his students, comes to the conclusion that the legacy of English satirical graphics of the mid-18th – early 19th centuries. – a vivid example of the formation of the image of the “enemy”. Thanks to the analysis of the cartoons, the main components of the image of not only the French emperor, but also his Great Army were identified. It was concluded that these components were firmly entrenched in the form of stereotypes not only in the British consciousness, but also in the European one, and continue to exist to this day.

The New ‘Golden Age’ of Dentistry: A Highly Desirable Profession with Unprecedented Global Opportunities in Industry Settings

The New ‘Golden Age’ of Dentistry: A Highly Desirable Profession with Unprecedented Global Opportunities in Industry Settings

Challenges and Opportunities for Twenty First Century Bayesian Econometricians: A Personal View

Abstract This essay is about Bayesian econometrics with a purpose. Specifically, six societal challenges and research opportunities that confront twenty first century Bayesian econometricians are discussed using an important feature of modern Bayesian econometrics: conditional probabilities of a wide range of economic events of interest can be evaluated by using simulation-based Bayesian inference. The enormous advances in hardware and software have made this Bayesian computational approach a very attractive vehicle of research in many subfields in economics where novel data patterns and substantial model complexity are predominant. In this essay the following challenges and opportunities are briefly discussed, including the scientific results obtained in the twentieth century leading up to these challenges: Posterior and predictive analysis of everything: connecting micro-economic causality with macro-economic issues; the need for speed: model complexity and the golden age of algorithms; learning about models, forecasts and policies including their uncertainty; temporal distributional change due to polarisation, imbalances and shocks; climate change and the macroeconomy; finally and most importantly, widespread, accessible, advanced high-level training.

Smart cities, smarter values: Unpacking the ecosystem of urban innovation

The beginning of this millennium has become the golden age of smart city initiatives, as local governments strive to exploit novel technologies to improve public services and the quality of life of their inhabitants. However, it is not enough to focus only on the technologies; we need to understand how value is identified, and how different parties approach that value on an ecosystem level. In this qualitative case study, two Finnish smart cities were examined by employing an ecosystem value balance framework to identify how the value proposition is created and what types of value can be captured during the early phases of the ecosystem. The results show that at the very beginning of the life cycle, monetary, epistemic, and social investments are required. The earliest values captured are epistemic, social, and functional. Prominent financial value is seen as a potential value, but to achieve it, the ecosystem should have a common purpose, successful external communication, low entry barriers, seamless internal information sharing, and plenty of co-operation between the ecosystem actors.

The two ages of electric vehicle promotion in the United States; a comparative thematic analysis, 1910s-2010s

Purpose There is a lot of talk about the electric car today, but these vehicles are not new. Indeed, thebeginning of the 20th century saw electricity and the automobile take hold in North American society, so that by 1910, the electric car was everywhere. Until the turn of the 1920s, a new era dawned for transportation in the USA, but without the electric car. The purpose of this study is to question Why did it happen. Design/methodology/approach This paper develops such a comparison, not of the cars themselves, through a detailed engineering analysis, but rather of the marketing of electric vehicles in the USA in 1910 and 2010, as it appeared in the marketing strategies of the manufacturers. Findings There are many technical and economic reasons for this, but not only; there are also commercial strategy reasons. The position of manufacturers, especially through advertising and the press, can tell us about this golden age of the electric car, what precipitated its fall, and its reappearance a century later. Originality/value It is a comparison of images, of how electric vehicles had been and are proposed to the public, through the exploration of mainly promotional material and newspaper articles.

Prima Donnas in Kevlar zones. Challenges to the Unconventional Warfare efforts of the U.S. Special Forces during Operation Enduring Freedom

ABSTRACT When Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) commenced in October 2001, the U.S. Special Forces (SF) were the first U.S. military unit on the ground in Afghanistan, utilising their Unconventional Warfare (UW) capabilities. Despite their significant role at the initial stage of the military campaign, SF began to encounter numerous challenges from as early as 2002 and throughout OEF. Based on an analysis of forty-five master’s theses authored by SF officers, this paper discusses the structural-organisational and cultural-conceptual challenges. These obstacles led to the marginalisation of SF’s UW efforts. Scholarship on special operations forces (SOF) often regards the period of the so-called global war on terrorism (GWOT) as U.S. SOF’s golden age focusing predominantly on the activities of SOF units linked to the U.S. Joint Special Operations Command rather than on SF. By examining the challenges faced by SF, this article aims to contribute to a more nuanced discussion of SOF efforts during GWOT.